In-depth AI & ML articles by Senior Java Developer Pavan Rangani — practical, production-grade tutorials and engineering deep-dives. 20 articles in this category.
August 18, 2026
The moment you want to use an LLM inside a program rather than a chat window, you need its output as structured data – and “please respond in JSON” plus hope is how you get 3am parse errors. The… Read more
August 18, 2026
The first LLM bill is a shock, and the instinct — switch to a cheaper model — is usually the wrong lever. Where the money actually goes: the asymmetry between input and output pricing, the context you… Read more
August 18, 2026
You cannot ship an LLM feature without measuring output quality, and hand-grading does not scale. Using an LLM as a judge works — if you know about position bias, self-preference, and the scores that… Read more
July 23, 2026
The model is not hallucinating — it is answering faithfully from bad context. Diagnose retrieval failures in order: is the passage in the index at all, does it rank, and is the embedding model… Read more
July 17, 2026
vLLM serves open-weight LLMs at high throughput using PagedAttention and continuous batching. Learn GPU memory tuning, tensor parallelism, prefix caching, the latency-throughput trade-off, and when… Read more
April 6, 2026
Deep dive into advanced RAG chunking strategies that improve retrieval accuracy. Covers semantic chunking, agentic RAG, graph-based retrieval, and hybrid approaches. Read more
March 26, 2026
Complete guide to Claude API tool use — function calling, structured outputs, multi-turn conversations, error handling, and production patterns. Read more
March 26, 2026
In-depth comparison of embedding models from OpenAI, Cohere, and BGE with benchmarks on retrieval quality, latency, cost, and deployment strategies for production search. Read more
March 26, 2026
Master prompt caching and optimization techniques for LLM applications to slash API costs, reduce latency, and improve throughput in production deployments. Read more
March 21, 2026
Complete guide to evaluating RAG pipeline quality using RAGAS and TruLens frameworks, covering faithfulness, relevance, and automated quality metrics. Read more
March 10, 2026
Comprehensive guide to building production AI agents with LangChain and LangGraph covering agent architectures, tool integration, memory systems, and deployment strategies. Read more
March 9, 2026
Design and build production multi-agent AI systems using LangGraph with orchestration patterns, shared state, and tool use capabilities. Read more
March 9, 2026
Design and implement production-grade memory systems for AI agents including short-term context, long-term knowledge, and episodic recall patterns. Read more
March 8, 2026
Deploy optimized AI models at the edge for real-time inference with model quantization, pruning, and hardware-specific optimization techniques. Read more
March 6, 2026
Build and train custom LLM agents using fine-tuning, RLHF, and domain-specific datasets for specialized autonomous AI applications. Read more
March 6, 2026
Build your own AI agent from scratch with tool use, memory management, and autonomous planning using Python and modern LLM APIs. Read more
March 4, 2026
Measure and improve RAG pipeline quality with faithfulness scoring, retrieval relevance metrics, and end-to-end evaluation frameworks. Read more
March 3, 2026
Build on-device AI applications with Apple MLX framework using unified memory architecture, model quantization, and optimized inference on Apple Silicon. Read more
February 23, 2026
In-depth comparison of Claude, GitHub Copilot, Gemini, ChatGPT, and Perplexity for software development — features, pricing, and real-world benchmarks. Read more
February 21, 2026
Retrieval Augmented Generation patterns — chunking strategies, hybrid search, reranking, and evaluation frameworks. Read more